Transmission



Nov. 1o,1925. 1,560,827

' G. KOMAREK TRANSMI S S ION 6J Filed March 14, 1922*/0 2 Sheets-Sheet l'ad Enc;./.

Nov. 1o, 192s. 1,560,827

' G. KOMAREK l TRANSMISSION Filed March 14 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2/////////////f// ff m ff w 62 a l Y 1'@ Invenzion- Gus-tav Komarek 'lMA'HJ- Patented Nov. 13, `1925.

UNITED STATES,

istat?? PATE mmm. n

' GUSTAVFIKO'IVIAREK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

TRANSMISSION.

Application filed March 14, 1922. Serial No. 543,709.

To all whom t may concern: Y .Be it lrnown that I, GUs'rAv KOMAREK, a'citizen of tlieUnited States, residing at others skilled inthe art towhich it apper-` tains to make andvuse the same, `reference being had tothe accompanyingdrawings,

forming part of this application. v

My invention relates toV new and the objects of my invention are toprovide a simple and highly efi'icient power transmission fortransforming. power from low torque of high speed to high torque of lowspeed; .to mount the operating elementsin a suitable housing having aremovable cover so thatsaid elements are readily accessible for thepurposes of inspection and repair; and to prov'de improved bearings fortheshafts journaled in said housing.

Further objects ofthe invention ar-eto construct a housing having oilchambers of ample capacity so that the working parts of the powertransmission are partly submerged in the lubricantcontained therein, andto provide improved means for forcing lubrica nt'to the Various parts ofthe power transmission.

Still further objects of the invention are to provide an apparatus ofthe class de scribed which is simple in operation, of

strong construction, and contains but few` parts, thereby reducing thel`ability of the vdevice getting out of; order to the minimum.

Tith the foregoing and other` objects in` view, my invention |consistsin certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts,hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings in which r j Figure 1 is a side elevationofthedevice.

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same Figure 3 is la horizontal crosssection taken on line 3 3 of F'gure 1.

Figure 4 is a vertical 'cross section taken on line 4 4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is 'a vertical cross section taken taken useful improvements inpower transmissions, and

Figure 8 is a plan view lpartly Vin cross section of a modified formwith the cover removed. l l

Referring by numeralstothe accompanyf. ingdraw ngs,l10 designates ahousing which is preferably elliptical .in cross section and separablealong the medial line into a base section 11 `and cover12.l Base section11 is lprovided.wi t h. legs or standards 14 by meansv of which 'it can'be bolted in position and. w.th a series of laterally projecting lugs 15vook in which are verticallyV disposed threaded-V openings which, when'cover 12 is in position, are'in k'alignment :with vertical openingsformed in lugs 16, which latter are arranged on cover 12. Thefbolts 17are screw-seated in the threaded openings of lugs y15 and hold cover 12in position on base 11. i

An intermediate wall 18is vertically arranged in the base section 11 anddivides. the same into two compartments which are.

, in communication with each other by means of openings 1821. formed insaid wall. `A similar wall 19 hav ng openings 19a formed therein Visarranged in thecover 12 in vertical alignment with wal1`18 of coversection11. l i' One of the end walls of section 11 is provided with asemi-circular. recess in'which is detachably arranged a tubular bearing20 of a high speed shaft 21. :A bearing mem-V ber 22 is carried by thepartition walllS and has a restricted end in which -is jourfA naled theinnereiidV of shaft 2l. A low speed shaft 23 is journaled in abe'aring24, detacliably carried by .the opposite end wall and the innerend of this shaft is also journal-ed in the bearing 22.-v Shaft 23 isprovided with an annular groove 23a, the bot-v tom of which is knurledor roughenedr and operatingover this roughenedknurled portion` through asuitableslot 24a Jformed iny theupper portion offbearing 24 isaii eiid=yless oiling chafn 25. The lower portion'ojf this chainexte'ndsdownwardly into anoill well 26 formed nsectionll vand contains?suitablel lubricant.. simi-lar oil chamber l1 26a is'v formedincover.-12 in align-ment with Shaft 23 has fixed thereon a comparatively largegear n30 and shaftjQljcarries or has formedlthereona pinion 31; f

Parallel with shaft 21 and arranged` on each side thereof are countershafts 32,Ythefy inner ends ofwhich are journaled in bearings 34 carriedby partition wall 18..; The.. outer ends of shafts 32 are ournaled inhearings 35 which latter areclo'sedvat their outerV ends and aredetachably fixed in the same end' 'wall inwhich'is arranged-high speedshaft-21. A pinion 36 is formed orixed on each shaft 32 adjacent tobearings 34 and a gear 37, Whichgisin mesh -withfpinion 3170i' c shaft2l, is-fixed on each shaft 32v adjacent to bearings '35:'v Each pinion36 is providedwithia plurality of radially d isposedvboresor apertures':38, whicln extend inwardly fron'r thebases :of the' teethandfcoinmunicate with ai bore' :39" longitudinally* disposed inx each@shaft32.-k Theyouterfends Lvof shafts532 Vare space/,d inwardly"from-theL end walls of hearings'35 and bores-39 formed/ineach-shaftr32fopen A into andy communicate'with thel chamber thus formed vinthewcorresponding beerner" Adrain openinga isA formed'ineach bearing"3`52a'nd "leads vinto a channel -1-1"L whichfis formed inthe end wallof base-1l immediately below Veach* hearingv '35 and communicates withVthe Vcompartmentl formedtinl said housing-doy said 'endjwall'andpartition WallY i l A pair of'countershafts 40'are spaced outwardlyfrom Acounter shafts-32 and 'havey their inner ends ,jeureiled@bearings41h11 the partition walllS. Integrally formed' with the extremeninnerendVof each shaftjLlt) is; a zgearAQIf/whichfisp'injmeshjwith1a corre`Spending Pinion. 3.6; ofthe adjacent Shaft 82:. The outer` ends'ofshafts 4Q are journaled iir bearings., 13; '.Whih are lemevablyiSeted'ih the Same @ad Wall i111 whehthjeflow Speed' shaft=23isjournaled; Apinion 4d is formed' integraly withneachfsh'aftfdQ andymeshes with egstwhieh letteren@ intothaunes' 1.11`A Thee@chelmelewhnheSimilar *s0-'ehemals' 1.1555195129:auerdirandrews-thelubricant; fromeachtbearing 43' irrtortlieY compartment-j of section 11 and leadinginto the oil well 26.

Shaft 2l is provided with a circular flange 2lb which deiiects the oiland prevents its Lescapethrough.fthe outer end of bearing 20 in asimilar manner.

`In Figure 8 l have illustrated a modiliedV form offa lpowertransmission wherein the power is transmitted Vfrornthe high speed fshaft'48 throughl pinion 49`vfixed on` said shaft `to gears 50. Thesegearsare fixed' on counter shafts4 5l ournaled v onl the oppositesidesof sliawftsdgy LEach shaft 5l carries a pinion -52fwhich lis inmesh'with a larger-,gear

53'iixed'to a low `speed'shaft 54C. The ends ofjshat-ts 51 are:journaled I' in l bearings. v55 f which are detachably; arranged'finthe base, section 56^`and have'tlieir outer'ends closed. Shafts 48' and54 are journale'd in ,tubular bearings 57 and 58',1 respectively, andthe in ner end of shaft llis journaledin'hearing 59y carried byintermediate wall 600i' section` 56 and' the innerend of shaftleS isjournaledy in a recess 54a' formed inthe inner end of.

end wall ofbase section-V11 is provided with' a glass gaugel Gethy meansof which the level ofth'el lubricant in the housing can loe ascertained.

Cover sectionl2 is provided in its top wall with suitable openingsthrough which lubricantcan -b'e admitted to the housing and screw-seatedand normally' closing these openings are `plugs @65.

Counter-shafts 32 and 4L() are also provided'l with' radially disposedholes 66l through which hearings 35 and 4:3 are suppliedwithlulorfcant.l The Voil'well 26 'is in communication with `the ,adjoining oil reservoir of thefhousing-by means of an opening 26 formedinthe inner wall of saidoil Well and oilvvell '23 is ink-a similarmanner inf conu-v munication? with' they other oil lreservoir. ThusallLoffthe-o-il .basins or 'compartments of the housing`VVKareninterconneeted, per.-V

mit'ting there? lubricant-f ytow circu'hate'-`V fully through thehousing:

iii-the ope-ration fof my .-dev-ice, thiel power is appliedyto shaft21jwhich-'can-becoupled beltand pulley. The ,rotationfofthsQsli-atfactuates-fthetinner pair of;eounterfslraftsf32 llll through thedrivinfg-engagementpfpinionil-SQ/ 3l and gears 37. drive gears Ll1 ofthe outer pair of counter shafts 40, which latter transmit the powerthiough pinions ifi to large gear 30 Which is fixed to shaft 32. 'Inthis manner, the power is transmitted from the driving shaft 21 to thelow speed driven shaft 23, the outer end of which can be connected inany suitable manner to the machine desired to be operated.

The level of the lubricant in housing l0 is maintained at the properlevel so that the lower portions ofgears and pinions are submeged insaid lubricant.V As gears and pinions are rotated, the teeth thereofcarry the lubricant upwardly and When the teeth of the pinions engagethe teeth of the gears, the lubricant is forced b y the intermeshingteeth through radiall apertures 38 and 41:6 into the longitudinal bores39 and 45, respectively, from which it is then discharged into bearingsand 43.

Thus the lubricant is positively circulated through the bearings ofcounter shafts 82 and at() and then returned to the oil compartmentsformed in the base section 11 Where it is cooled and again carriedupwardly by the teeth of the gears and pinions. Bearings 2O and Qil ofshafts 2l and 23, respectively, are supplied With oil from oil Wells 28and 26 by means of oiling chains 25 and 27.

The bearings are located on the horizontal. centerline of the housing;therefore, the oil can reach all bearings readily, that is, the rotatinggears carry the oil direct to the bearings, without havingl to transmitit from gear to gear before it reaches the bearings; all gears andbearings therefore receive the same amount of oil, Which assures uniformWear on all the Working members, The high speed and lou' speed shaftsreceive their supply of oil from large oil basins which are formed orcast integral with the housing and are in reality part of the interiorof the housing as the7 have communication with the interior of thehousing through large openings which are cored through the Wallsseparating them. Y

Oiling chains reach from the shaft to nearly the bottom of the oilbasins; these chains ride on grooves formed or turned in the shafts. Thelow speed shafthas the bottom of the groove ltnurled; these groovestherefore serve a two-fold purpose: namely, to guide the chains so thatthey'will not d"ag against the sides of the oil basins, and-theltnurling of the grooves on the sloiv speed shaft imparts motion to theoiling chains. This is important when the speeds are very louT as thenthe chains would not turn with he shaft but would lie idly on the shaft.

The shape and form of the housing is of considerable importance not onlyfrom the standpoint of appearance but to expose the oil n the housing toa maximum of cooling Pinions 36 of shafts 32y surface, theelliptical'cross section meets this requirement as it exposes the oil toa laige Y amount `of cooling area.Y The oil basins for the high speedand low speed shaft bearings are extended from 'the bottom to the top ofthe housing to provide additional cooling surface for the oil.

The low speed shaft is rigidly supportedv by main bearings infront ofandto the rear ofthe large'gear. These bearing supports are formed orcast integral with the housing, the rigidity .of the bearing supportseliminates the necessity of using an outer or outboard bearing for thesupport of the low speed shaft outside of the bearing.

The bearing supports for the lseveral trains of reduction gears are alsoformed or` cast integral with the housing and therefore possess greatrigidity. It Will be noted that both the low speed and high speed shaftsare journaled in a common' or twin-bearing but each entirelyindependentpof the other as the two shafts do not come in contact witheachother, the large diameter being steppeddown or reduced in bore tofit the smaller diameter' of the high speed shaft.

The closed end Walls of the outer bearings for'thel trains of reductiongears serve a two-fold purpose; namely, they 'allow a free circulationof oil in the bearings andy the end Walls makethese bearings leak-proofagainst oil finding its-Way outside of the housing.

What I claim is: n y Y Y l. 1n a speed transmission, the combination ofa closed housing substantially elliptical cross section and having ayplurality of oil compartments formed therein, a pair of axiallyaliO'ned main shafts journaled in said housing, one of said shafts beingpro-` vided with a gear and the other with a pinion, counter shaftsJournal/ed ni said housing, a train Vof reductlon gearing'carried bysaid counter shafts and in driving engage- .below said dischargeopenii'ig with inward -lyrdisposed channels by means of Which the oil isreturned to the oil compartments.'

2. In a speed transmission,the combination of a housingcomprising a basesection and a cover section, each of which is provided with atransversely'disposed partition- Wall which, when said sections areassembled,v cooperate to divide saidhousing into two compartments, ahigh speed'shaft yjour-1 naled in 011e of said compartments, a 10W leospeed,v shaftA journaled in the -other of said compartments and in axialalignment with 'the-first mentioned shaft, a bearing block carried bythe partition wall of the base sectionfand having bearings formedtherein for gears which are in mesh with the pinion of Cil `if'idcd withan annular the high speed shaft, a comparatively large gear fixed to thelow speed shaft within said low speed compartment, a pair of counter yshafts arranged in the low speed compartment and having their outer endsjournaled in bearings carried by the end wall of said housing and theirinner ends journaled in bearings in saidpartition wall andprojectingtherethrough into the high speed compartment, pinions fixed onthe last mentioned pair of counter shafts in mesh with the gear of thelow speed shaft, gears carried by the projecting ends of the lastinentioned pair of counter shafts and meshing with the piiiions. carriedby the first nientioned pair of counter shafts, there being oil wellsformed in the end walls of said `housing, which have communication withsaid compartments, and means for conveying` oil from said oil wells tothe bearings of said high speed and low speed shafts.

3. In a speed transmission, the combination of a housing comprising abase section and a cover section, the contiguous faces of which areprovided with registering` bearing recesses, a pair of axially alignedmain shafts, one of which is provided with a gear and the other with apinion, bearings for said shafts arrangedin certain of said re.- cesses,a plurality of counter shafts, bearings thereforarranged in certainotherrecesses, the outer ends of the last mentioned bearings being closed andthe enter ends of said countershafts having suitable passageways formedtherein for receiving and coiiveying the lubricant to said bearings, andreduction gearing arranged on said counter shafts and in drivingengagement with said pinion and said gear.

4.o in a speed transmission, the combination of a housing provided witha plurality naledin bearings in said housing and `pro- V l groove, andendless oilingy chain operating in said, groove and extendingdowni'vardly withinone of said oil reservoir s,a low speed shaftjonrnaied in bearings in said', housing in anialjaligninent wihf saidghigh-` speed V"shaft and'v provide-d with airannnlar groove, the bottoniof v which islznurled, dlessoiling chain operati s iiifsai roei/sand'extending downwardl 1nA it Said.oil-reservoirs@ rer Of lnx nera-sled;urbani-sessi, a

said housing and having gears whichy mesh with the pinion of the highspeed shaft,.a pair of outer counter shafts having gearsr which meshwith the pinions carried by said inner counter shafts and provided with.pinions which mesh with the gear of the low speed shaft, the bearingsfor said coun-` ter shafts carried by the end Walls of said housinghaving their outer ends closed, there being a discharge opening formedin each of said bearings, and said end walls having formed thereindownwardly and inwardly' medial line, each section being provided with atransverse wall, thereby dividing each section into two gear chambers,bearing supports formed integral with said sections, bearings in saidsupports, a driving shaft journaled in certain of said bearings andprovided with a driving pinion, a driven shaft journaled in vcertainother bearings coaxially with said driving shaft and provided with adriven gear, and a series of intermediate siiafts arranged in pairs oneach side of said main shafts and in the same plane with each other andwith said main shaft, said intermediate shafts having intermeshinggears, the outer ends of the bearings for the outer ends of saidintermediate shafts being closed to prevent escape of oil therefrom,there being a gear on one of each pair of said intermediate shaftsmeshing with the pinion of the driving shaft and there being a pinion onthe other one of each' pair of said intermediate shafts meshing with thegear of the driven shaft whereby the last-mentioned pinions are spacedsuitable distances from said driven shafts so that the gear carried bythe last mentioned shaft is of substantially larger diameter than anyone of the intermediate gears.

6. ln a power transmission device, the combination of a sectionalhousing separable along a medial line, each section being provided withan integral transverse wall dividing such section into twogearchainbers, cooperative sectional bearing supports formed integralwith each section, bearings mounted in said supports in horizontalplanepwithsaid y medial line, a high speed shaft. journale'd certain ofsaid bearings and provided with i' vii,

pinares@ esta the latter lbsesaimsslii CIT `with the pinion of said highspeed shaft, an intermediate shaft arranged in bearings in said housingand spaced outwardly from e'aeh counter shaft, said counter shafts andsaid intermediate shafts being disposed in the same plane with said highand lovv speed shafts, and having a gear meshing With the pinion of therespective Counter shaft and a pinion meshing with the large gearcarried by the lon7 speed shaft whereby said gear is proportionatelylarger than any one of the intermediate gears and is in balaneed drivingengagement With the diametrieally opposed pinionsV 7. In a speedtransformer, the combination of a housing having a plurality of bearingsupports formed integra-l therewith, said housing and said bearingsupports being separable along a median line, a low speed shaft having agear and provided With'an annular groove, the bottom of whichisioughened, an endless oiling Chain operating over said reductiongearing, said bearings having.Y

theirouter ends Closed, said reduetiongearing being arranged to forceoil into said closed endbearings, therebeing formed. in said bearingsand their respective supports -passagevvays through which the oil isreturned into the housing, said bearings and the parts journaled thereinbeing supported by the lower half of said housing so that the upper halfcan be removed Without displacing the operating elements thereof.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afliX my signature this 2nd day ofMarch, 1922.

GUSTAV KOMAREK.

